ISRO Chairman S Somanath Eyes Asteroid 99942 Apophis for Observation and Defense Initiatives
After remarkable achievements with the Moon and the Sun, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is setting its sights on asteroids. ISRO Chairman S Somanath has announced plans not only to land on asteroids but also to develop defenses against potential catastrophic impacts on Earth.
Asteroid 99942 Apophis: A Hazardous Near-Earth Object
One of the key targets is Asteroid 99942 Apophis, a 335-meter-wide space rock considered one of the most hazardous asteroids with the potential to impact Earth. Apophis is expected to pass at a dangerously close distance of less than 32,000 km on April 13, 2029.
“India should be able to observe this asteroid,” said Somanath. ISRO is in discussions to contribute to this mission, potentially by developing an instrument or providing other support in collaboration with JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency), ESA (European Space Agency), and NASA.
The Urgent Need for Planetary Defense
Somanath emphasized the critical need for planetary defense. “If an asteroid hits Earth, the impact can be disastrous. A 100-meter diameter asteroid could be fatal, wiping out an entire nation. A 2 km diameter asteroid could destroy the entire planet,” he stated at a Planetary Defense workshop held at ISRO headquarters.
India’s Role in Global Asteroid Research
As a nation capable of lunar landings and positioning satellites at the Sun’s Lagrange Point, India is eager to advance in asteroid studies. “In the future, we aim to land on asteroids to study their impact potential and develop defense mechanisms. Collaborating with international agencies with existing expertise is our starting point,” Somanath added.
Asteroids: Threats and Opportunities
Asteroids, primarily located between Mars and Jupiter, hold significant energy despite their small size. “The combined mass of all asteroids is less than three percent of the Moon’s mass, yet their high velocities can cause substantial impacts,” Somanath noted. While they pose threats, asteroids also offer scientific exploration opportunities.
The Path Ahead
Current data suggests no asteroid is predicted to hit Earth in the next 100 years. However, advancing tracking technologies is essential. As of June 2022, NASA has identified 1.32 crore asteroids.
By enhancing its asteroid observation and defense capabilities, ISRO aims to contribute significantly to global efforts in planetary defense, ensuring a safer future for Earth.
Conclusion
ISRO’s forward-thinking approach to asteroid study and defense underscores India’s commitment to space exploration and planetary safety. Stay updated with the latest developments in ISRO’s ambitious missions and the global quest to understand and protect our planet from celestial threats.